A volcano is a vent or fissure in the crust of the earth that allows hot molten rock, gases and volcanic ash to rise up from the magma chambers below its surface. When molten rock reaches the surface it is then called lava.
Did you know that most volcanoes are found underwater? This is because most of the earths plate boundaries are also found underwater. The majority of volcanic eruptions occur at converging or diverging plate boundaries and can cause non-explosive and explosive and violent eruptions.
Volcanoes are classified as active, dormant or extinct, meaning some actively erupt on a regular basis throughout history, some lie dormant for long periods but have the potential to erupt again, and lastly others are called extinct because they no longer have a magma source below the surface. However, it is important to note that, both dormant and extinct volcanoes can become active suddenly.
Volcanic eruptions near human civilizations can cause a variety of catastrophes depending on the intensity of the eruption. There can be destruction caused by rapid lava flow, smoke and poisonous gas emissions, water contamination and the settling of ash on buildings and farms.
If you live near or plan to visit areas with active, dormant or extinct volcanoes, being prepared can reduce the hazards, injury or loss of life to you or family members if an eruption was to suddenly occur.
Please click the IMPACT link below to learn how to prepare for and survive the hazards of a volcanic eruption from the University of The West Indies Seismic Research Centre.
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